Fifth Cranial Nerve Test: It is a mixed nerve. Sensory roots take origin from gesserian ganglion (trigeminal ganglion). In pons motor nucleus is located in the floor of forth ventricle. Nerve divides in three division i.e Ophthalmic division, maxillary division and mandibular division. Ophthalmic … [Read more...]
Clinical Tests For Examination Of Oculomotor, Trochlear & Abducent Nerves
Third, Fourth & sixth Nerve Test: They control ocular movements so considered together. They are mixed nerves. They bring sensations from proprioceptors in the eye muscles. Fibers of these nerves take origin from a series of nuclei which begin in the floor of sylvian aqueduct and extending … [Read more...]
To Demonstrate The Olfactory Sensations On A Given Subject
First Cranial/ Olfactory Nerve: It is a sensory nerve. The central processes from olfactory epithelium passes to olfactory area of cerebral cortex (the uncus of the parahippocampal gyrus). Objective: To test the ability to identify familiar aromatic odours with one nostril at a time with eyes … [Read more...]
To Demonstrate Ankle and Patellar Clonus On a Subject
Clonus: When deep reflexes are exaggerated, the phenomena of clonus is elicitable. Clonus indicates upper motor neuron lesion and is indicative of hyper-reflexia. In anxoius persons the clonus is unsustained. The examples of clonus are: Ankle clonus Patellar Clonus 1. Ankle Clonus: The … [Read more...]
To Demonstrate Deep Tendon Reflexes On A Subject
Deep Tendon Reflex: If a tendon of a lightly stretched muscle is struck with a single sharp blow with a soft rubber/ clinical hammar, the muscle contracts briefly and briskly. This is the monosynaptic stretch reflex. It is test of the integrity of the afferent and efferent pathways, and of the … [Read more...]