Osazone Test: Principle, Procedure, and Results

In the field of chemistry or medical sciences, one of the most common tests which is performed in biochemistry labs is Osazone Test. It is a normal routine test in order to identify the sugars. In this test, as the name indicates, osazones are involved and if you don’t about this substance, we will like to discuss it first. Carbohydrates have many classes and one of the class of them is Osazone and being not an original carbohydrate, it is rather a derived form which we get when sugar do a reaction with a lot of phenylhydrazine. Being a derived substance, it did not have much laboratory use at first but a German Scientist named Emil Fischer performed this experiment of testing or identifying sugars with this substance. So, in this article, we are going to talk about the basic concept of Osazone test, its procedure, different chemicals and reagents involved in the test, and then we will talk about its results. So, without any further do, let us now move on with our test.

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Osazone Test Principle:

To understand and perform any test, first we will need to understand its basic concept and principle and once we have done that, we can perform any test we want to. So following are few important points of the basic principle of this test.

In this test, a monosaccharide reacts with phenyl hydrazine which is a crystalline compound. The sugars which will reduce as a result of this reaction will result in the formation of osazones. This is only going to happen when Phenyl hydrazine is in excess and for this condition they must be at a boiling temperature because the temperature plays a major role in these tests.

So, this was the basic chemical reaction or principle behind this test and the formation of Osazones. Let us now tell you the procedure of this test.

Osazone Test Procedure:

1. In this test, since there are three molecules from these substance called phenyl hydrazine, they react with the first 2 carbon atoms.
2. When an alpha carbon oxidation gets affected as a result of this reaction and as a result of this reaction, you will also see a bi-phenyl hydrazine forming.
3. This is the point in this test when this substance called osazone is formed.

There are many results and compounds which we see forming when this test is performed. In the results headings of this article, we are now going to discuss and tell you different substance which form after this test when osazones are formed.

Osazone Test: Results:

The formation of the Osazones as a result of performing this test tells us that sugars are present and thus, we identify them. However, listed below are some other formations in this test.

• In this test, you will see Maltose forming different petal shaped crystals.
• As for Lactose, you will see it forming puff shaped crystals.
• Another substance Galactose will form phombi-plate shaped crystals.

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So, this was almost everything about Osazone test. In this article, you learned the basic principle, procedure, and results of this test. Don’t forget to leave us your feedback and keep visiting our website for more free medical tests and stuff.